This course gives anesthesia providers a focused, practical guide to preventing one of the most catastrophic yet completely preventable events in the OR: surgical fires. You’ll review how the fire triangle (heat, fuel, oxidizer) uniquely applies to anesthesia practice, including oxygen and nitrous oxide delivery, open versus closed circuits, and oxygen-enriched fields around the head, neck, and airway. The content walks through real-world ignition sources (ESUs, lasers, light cords), high-risk fuels (drapes, sponges, alcohol preps), and the historical lessons of flammable anesthetic agents like ether and cyclopropane, contrasted with modern “safer” agents that still require respect in high-O₂ settings. By the end, you’ll be able to adjust oxygen delivery, collaborate with the surgical team, and apply evidence-based prevention strategies to reduce fire risk and respond decisively if an ignition occurs.